1) Which of the following is of great significance in agriculture and medicine?
a) Hybridization
b) Entomology
c) Genetic engineering
d) Biotechnology
2) The mudball technique has been proposed by
a) Rice Research Institute, Cuttack
b) CSIR, New Delhi
c) Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
d) The International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines
3) Genes for antibiotic resistance are located in the
a) Plasmid
b) Nucleus
c) Chromosome
d) Plastid
4) Which enzyme is useful in genetic engineering?
a) DNA-ase
b) Amylase
c) Lipase
d) Restriction endonuclease
5) Wild type Escherichia coli growing on a medium containing glucose is transferred
to a lactose containing medium. Which change occurs?
a) Lac operon is induced
b) Lac operon is suppressed
c) All operons are induced
d) The bacterium stops dividing
6) In split genes, the coding sequences are called
a) Exons
b) Introns
c) Cistrons
d) Operons
7) The protein cover of a virus is the
a) Capsid
b) Virion
c) Viroid
d) Mucopeptide
8) Who synthesised the first artificial gene?
a) Morgan
b) Nirenberg
c) Khorana
d) Mendel
9) It is now possible to breed plants and animals of desired characters through
a) Tissue culture
b) Genetic engineering
c) Ikebana technique
d) Chromosome engineering
10) The indirect transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through
a bacteriophage/virus is
a) Transformation
b) Translation
c) Conjugation
d) Transduction
11) Advancement in genetic engineering has been possible due to the discovery of
a) Oncogenes
b) Transposons
c) Restriction endonucleases
d) Exonucleases
12) The genetic material of the influenza virus is
a) Single helix DNA
b) Double helix DNA
c) Double strand RNA
d) Single strand RNA
13) Genetically engineered bacteria are being used in the commercial production
of
a) Melatonin
b) Testosterone
c) Human insulin
d) Thyroxine
14) Transgenic plants are developed by
a) Introducing foreign genes
b) Introducing gene mutations
c) Deleting certain chromosome parts
d) Stopping spindle formation
15) 
has
a) ds DNA
b) ss RNA
c) ss DNA
d) ds RNA
16) Phages which show a lysogenic cycle are known as
a) Lytic phages
b) Temperate phages
c) Virulent phages
d) Avirulent phages
17) The genetic material of retrovirus is
a) ss RNA
b) ss DNA
c) ds RNA
d) ds DNA
18) Jacob and Monod won the Nobel Prize for their work on the
a) Operon model
b) Structure of genes
c) Genetic diseases
d) Function of genes
19) Chemical knives/molecular scissors of DNA are
a) Endonucleases
b) Polymerases
c) Ligases
d) Transcriptases
20) The two bacteria most useful in genetic engineering are
a) Rhizobium and Azotobacter
b) Escherichia and Agrobacterium
c) Rhizobium and Diplococcus
d) Nitrosomonas and Klebsiella
21) Genetic engineering has been made possible due to the
a) Observation of DNA under the electron microscope
b) Capacity to break DNA at specific points by DNA-ases
c) Availability of restriction endonucleases in purified form
d) Knowledge of transduction
22) The genes involved in turning on and off of structural genes are
a) Operator genes
b) Regulator genes
c) Redundant genes
d) Promoter genes
23) Transposable elements (genes) were first discovered in
a) Pea
b) Drosophila
c) Maize
d) Amabidopsus
24) A gene capable of moving from one chromosome to another is a
a) Cosmid
b) Exonic gene
c) Transposon
d) Mute gene
25) Which disease is caused by the activation of oncogenes?
a) Cholera
b) TB
c) Cancer
d) Viral flu
26) Reverse transcriptase
a) Disintegrates host DNA
b) Polymerises host DNA
c) Translates host DNA
d) Transcribes viral RNA to cDNA
27) The enzyme needed for the production of DNA from RNA is
a) RNA polymerase
b) Reverse transcriptase
c) DNA helicase
d) DNA polymerase
28) The literal meaning of virus is
a) Venom
b) Poison
c) Secretion
d) All of these
29) The word virus was first used by
a) F.C Bawden
b) D. Iwanowski
c) W.M Stanley
d) Beijerinck
30) Viruses are
a) Cellular organisms
b) Noncellular organisms
c) Unicellular organisms
d) Cellular without wall
31) Which of the following discovered the virus?
a) Leeuwenhoek
b) A.P. de Condolle
c) Dimitri Ivanowsky
d) Beijerinck
32) The virus discovered for the first time happened to be
a) An algal virus
b) An animal virus
c) A virus infecting higher plants
d) A bacterial virus
33) A bacteriophage is
a) A virus attacking a bacterium
b) A bacterium attacking a virus
c) A stage in the lie cycle eof a bacterium
d) A virus attacking another virus
34) A detailed study of the bacteriophage was made by
a) Ivanowsksy
b) Stanley
c) Twort
d) De Herelle
35) Which virus ( among the following) was isolated first?
a)
174
b) pox virus
c) TMV
d) LPP-1
36) The first to isolate a plant virus was
a) W.M Stanley
b) R.M. Smith
c) D. Iwanowsky
d) F.C Stakman
37) The plant virus TMV was first isolated in crystalline form by
a) Ivanowsky
b) W.M. Stanley
c) Miller
d) Sabin
38) Which virus was crystallised for the first time?
a) Cauliflower mosaic virus
b) Tobacco mosaic virus
c) Tomato mosaic virus
d) Influenza virus
39) "The infective portion of a virus is the nucleic acid", This was discovered by
a) De Herelle
b) Hershey and Chase
c) Stanley
d) Ivanowsky
40) Cyanophages were discovered by
a) Jacob and Monod
b) Lederberg and Zinder
c) Lederberg and Tatum
d) Safferman and Morris
41) f
´
174 was discovered by
a) Sinsheimer
b) Stanley
c) Meyer
d) Pasteur
42) Who discovered the synthesis of DNA from RNA in Rous sarcoma virus?
a) Lous
b) Temin
c) Smith
d) Meyer
43) The group of viruses which attack blue-green algae are termed
a) Bacteriophage
b) Cyanophages
c) Mosaic viruses
d) Phages only
44) The average size range of virus is
a) 10-30 nm
b) 20-300 nm
c) 100-1000 nm
d) 1-10 nm
45) The largest animal virus is
a) Pox virus
b) Penicillium virus
c) Wound tumour virus
d) Coliphage
46) Viruses are essentially made up of
a) Proteins and nucleic acid
b) Proteins and carbohydrates
c) Lipids and nucleic acids
d) Starch, protein and lipids
47) Viruses and bacteriophages are made up of
a) Protein
b) Nucleoprotein
c) Lipoprotein
d) DNA and RNA
48) Viruses have
a) chromosomes
b) ribosomes
c) nucleic acids
d) Carbohydrates
49) A natural stage of a virus which is capable of infection is the
a) Viroid
b) Virusoid
c) Virion
d) Virus particle
50) The term virion refers to the
a) Capsid of a virus
b) Dead virus
c) Nucleic acid of a virus
d) Complete form of a virus
51) Which does not contain both DNA and RNA?
a) Yeast
b) Bacteria
c) Mycoplasma
d) Virus
52) The nucleic acid present in a coliphage is
a) RNA
b) DNA
c) DNA or RNA
d) DNA and RNA
53) Plant viruses are mostly
a) Proteins
b) Nucleoproteins
c) Mineral salts
d) Fats and minerals
54) Which among the following contains only one type of nucleic acid?
a) Cyanobacteria
b) Chlamydomonas
c) Bacteria
d) Virus
55) Which of the following statements is correct?
a) Viruses do not contain nucleic acid
b) All viruses contain DNA
c) All viruses contain RNA
d) Some viruses contain DNA and some contain RNA
56) The influenza virus has
a) DNA
b) RNA
c) DNA and RNA both
d) None
57) Double stranded RNA is present in the
a) Ribovirus
b) Reovirus
c) 
d) 
58) The Rous sarcoma virus contains
a) DNA
b) RNA
c) DNA/RNA
d) None of the above
59) TMV and the majority of plant viruses possess
a) Only ssRNA
b) Only ds RNA
c) Both RNA and DNA
d) Only DNA
60) TMV contains
a) A single stranded RNA
b) A single stranded DNA
c) A double stranded RNA
d) A double stranded DNA
61) Tobacco mosaic virus( TMV) genes are
a) Single-stranded DNA
b) Double stranded RNA
c) Proteinaceous
d) Polyribonucleotides
62) In which of the following does ss RNA act as genetic material?
a) 
b) Rhizobium
c) Tobacco mosaic virus
d) Dahlia mosaic virus
63) In cyanophages, the genetic material is
a) DNA
b) RNA
c) Both DNA and RNA
d) DNA as well as RNA
64) Mycophages have
a) ss RNA
b) ds RNA
c) ss DNA
d) ds DNA
65) How many genes are present in the simplest virus?
a) One
b) Five
c) Eight
d) Nine
66) The protein coat of a virus is made up of
a) Schizomeres
b) Chromomeres
c) Capsomeres
d) Capsid
67) The viral envelope is made up of
a) Protein
b) Lipid
c) Lipoprotein
d) Mucilage
68) Capsid refers to the
a) Nucleic acid of virus
b) Protein coat of virus particles
c) Carbohydrate part of viruses
d) None of the above
69) TMV particles contain
a) DNA and protein
b) RNA and protein
c) Both DNA and RNA
d) DNA only
70) The approximate size of TMV is
a) 275nm x 50 nm
b) 275nm x 100 nm
c) 500 nm x 50 nm
d) 5nm x 10nm
71) AIDS virus contains
a) RNA with protein
b) DNA with protein
c) RNA without protein
d) Only DNA
72) AIDS is caused by the virus
a) HIV
b) SV-40
c) TNV
d) Any of these
73) A bacteriophage consists of
a) Carbon and nitrogen
b) DNA or RNA
c) Nucleoprotein
d) Proteins
74) All viruses are entirely
a) Parasitic
b) Epiphytic
c) Symbiotic
d) Saprobiontic
75) Which physiological process is exhibited by viruses?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Photosynthesis
c) Self duplication
d) Transpiration
76) Viruses can multiply in
a) air
b) water
c) soil
d) the host cytoplasm only
77) A virus multiplies in
a) Culture medium
b) Dead tissue
c) Living tissue
d) Soil
78) Viruses can multiply in
a) Bacteria only
b) All living cells
c) Specific living cells
d) Rotten food
79) Which of the following is true of viruses ( OR an interesting feature of viruses is that)
a) They multiply in host cells only
b) They behave as if they are plants
c) They are made up of proteins only
d) They occur only inside bacteria.
80) Which part of a virus usually enters the host?
a) Envelope
b) Capsid
c) Nucleic acid
d) All together
81) At which site is the protein of the viral coat synthesized?
a) Plasma membrane of the host
b) Mitochondria of the host
c) Ribosome of the host
d) RNA of the virus
82) Viruses synthesise their protein coat
a) Inside the host cell
b) Outside the host cell
c) Both inside and outside the host cell
d) In the extracellular environment
83) The bursting of an infected cell to release virus particles is called
a) Lysogeny
b) Lysis
c) Eclipse
d) Dehiscence
84) The clear translucent areas developed on an agar plate which contains phage particles and bacteria are called
a) Bacteriophages
b) Transparencies
c) Plaques
d) Holes
85) In phage or plaque culture
a) The whole of the virus enters the bacteria and multiplies
b) Only the DNA of the virus enters and multiplies
c) Only the protein of the virus enters and multiplies
d) The capsid and envelope enter and multiply
86) The infection by a virus which results in the destruction of the host is called
a) Lysogeny
b) Pseudolysogeny
c) Lytic infection
d) All of these
87) The DNA of virus multiplying inside the host cell is called
a) Provirus
b) Vegetative phage
c) Virulent phage
d) Prophage
88) The viral nucleic acid integrated with the host genophore is called a
a) Bacteriophage
b) Macrophage
c) Cyanophage
d) Prophage
89) A phage which invades a host but does not destroy it is called a
a) Temperate phage
b) Phycophage
c) Virulent phage
d) Mycophage
90) Crops suffer from many diseases. Indicate the plant disease caused by a virus :
a) Potato mosaic
b) Citrus canker
c) Brown rot of potato
d) Leaf spot of cotton
91) Which of the following is not a viral disease:
a) Red rot of sugarcane
b) Tobacco mosaic
c) Leaf curl of papaya
d) Cassava mosaic
92) Mosaic of sugarcane is caused by a
a) Bacteria
b) Fungi
c) Algae
d) Virus
93) Leaf curl disease of potato is caused by a
a) Bacteria
b) Virus
c) Fungi
d) Mycoplasma
94) Banana Bunchy top is caused by a
a) Mycoplasma
b) Deuteromyces
c) Xanthomonas
d) Viruses
95) The insect transmitting a virus is known as a
a) Vector
b) Transfomer
c) Collateral host
d) None of the above
96) Viruses are commonly transmitted in plants through
a) wind
b) water
c) sucking insects
d) animals
97) Viruses usually infect the whole plant except for the
a) Tender leaves
b) Old stem
c) Apical meristem
d) Roots
98) Virus-free clones can be obtained from
a) Root
b) Leaves
c) Stem
d) Apical meristems
99) Which diseases are caused by viruses?
a) Cholera and Rabies
b) Typhoid and polio
c) Rabies and polio
d) Syphilis and common cold
100) The common cold is caused by a
a) Bacteria
b) Virus
c) Unicellular algae
d) Protozoa
Answers